Delhi wakes up to thick smog, air quality remains in ‘severe’ category

Delhi experienced hazardous air quality on Sunday morning, with the Air Quality Index (AQI) falling into the “severe” category.

The India Meteorological Department (IMD) reported a minimum temperature of 15.9 degrees Celsius, which is 1.8 degrees above the seasonal average.

At 9 am, the AQI was recorded at 429, as per the ‘Sameer App,’ which provides hourly updates from the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB). On Saturday, the 24-hour average AQI stood at 417 at 4 pm.

AQI levels are categorised as follows: “good” (0-50), “satisfactory” (51-100), “moderate” (101-200), “poor” (201-300), “very poor” (301-400), and “severe” (401-500).

The IMD has also predicted moderate fog during morning or nighttime hours. The maximum temperature is likely to be around 30 degrees Celsius.

At 8:30 am, the humidity level was recorded at a high 94 per cent.

As the restrictions under the third stage of GRAP came into force on Friday, authorities intensified action against those violating norms with teams of traffic police, transport department and others penalising violators.

On Friday, Delhi Traffic Police issued around 550 challans for violation of a ban on the plying of BS III petrol and BS IV diesel vehicles, imposing fines of over Rs 1 crore on the first day of restrictions under the third stage of GRAP.

Violation of this rule invites a penalty of Rs 20,000. Diesel and petrol inter-state buses, except for BS VI diesel, from the NCR cities to Delhi are also banned.

The police also cracked down on vehicles not having Pollution Under Control Certificates (PUCC), as it issued fines to 4,855 vehicles totalling Rs 4.85 crore on Friday.

A fine of Rs 10,000 is imposed on motorists for not having a valid pollution under control (PUC) certificate. These challans get released from courts.

During an inspection of buses at Kashmiri Gate inter-state bus terminal on Saturday, Delhi Environment Minister Gopal Rai alleged that BJP-ruled neighbouring states were exacerbating air pollution in the capital by sending BS-IV diesel buses despite a ban.

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“The BJP governments are deliberately sending diesel buses to Delhi, which is prohibited under the current guidelines, to worsen air pollution,” said Rai pointing to states like Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, and Rajasthan.

As part of efforts to combat pollution, Rai announced that a total of 84 enforcement teams from the Transport Department and 280 teams from the Traffic Police have been mobilised to ensure strict adherence to the ban.

Additionally, there is a stringent ban on construction and demolition activities, suspension of mining-related activities, and daily water sprinkling on major roads. City schools for classes up to 5 will shift to online mode after the weekend.

The GRAP for Delhi-NCR is divided into four stages of air quality: Stage 1 for “poor” air quality (AQI ranging from 201 to 300), Stage 2 for “very poor” air quality (AQI from 301 to 400), Stage 3 for “severe” air quality (AQI from 401 to 450), and Stage 4 for “severe plus” air quality (AQI above 450).

The air quality in neighbouring Haryana was no better, with Jind recording the second-worst AQI in the country with a reading of 394, while Bahadurgarh ranked third with a reading of 388. The Haryana government Saturday authorised deputy commissioners to discontinue physical classes for up to Class 5 in schools in their respective districts after assessing the prevailing situation in the wake of rising pollution.

Meanwhile, old age homes across Delhi are intensifying measures to protect the elderly which include strict restrictions on outdoor activities during peak pollution hours, mandatory mask use, and oxygen cylinders on standby for emergencies.

General Bhupendra Singh, Chairman of Aashirwad Old Age Home, said, “We do not allow anyone to step outside the premises due to the toxic air quality. The elderly, being the worst affected group, are strictly prohibited from venturing out during peak pollution hours, especially in the morning and evening.”

“If they must go out for medical appointments, they are instructed to minimise outdoor time and wear masks for protection,” he added.

Rajeshwari, a caregiver at the Sai Sahara old age home highlighted the additional precautions being taken.

“We are focusing on maintaining a healthy diet for the residents and have restricted outdoor activities, including morning walks, due to the severe air quality,” she said.

According to the Centre’s Decision Support System for Air Quality Management, stubble burning was the main contributor to Delhi’s air pollution on Thursday, accounting for 37 per cent of the total pollution.

Vehicular emissions contributed approximately 12 per cent to the overall pollution, it said.

Meanwhile, the prominent pollutant was PM2.5, according to the CPCB.

PM2.5 refers to fine particles with a diameter of 2.5 micrometres or less, about the width of a human hair.

These particles are so small that they can penetrate deep into the lungs and even enter the bloodstream, posing significant health risks.

(With inputs from PTI)